ECU (Extreme Close Up) - This shot goes in so far that the target's face or other body part is filling the entire screen. It shows extreme detail, and because it is so close, it can't really show reactions or emotion, with the exception being during intensely dramatic scenes. This shot will usually have an underlying reason or motive.
BCU (Big Close Up) - This shot is quite similar to the extreme close up, and also goes in very close to show extreme detail. However instead of the target's face filling the entire screen, the rest of the head can be seen, including jaw, mouth, forehead and even neck. It is also used to emphasise emotions and facial expressions.
CU (Close Up) - Similar to the first two close up shots explained, a feature of a certain target takes up the majority of the screen during a close up (it's almost always their face). They are also used for emphasizing detail and expression, so as to show a character's emotional state. It can also be used as a cut-in.
MCU (Medium Close Up) - Still a close up shot, the medium close up is a middle ground between a mid shot and a close up. The face is able to be seen and emphasized, without the clarity of the shot being disturbed by the target's face being overwhelmingly close to the camera.
MS (Mid Shot) - A section of the target (from the waist down or up etc) is focused upon to capture expression and increase detail. This isn't however, done with such intensity that an impression of the whole target can't be clearly seen.
MLS (Medium Long Shot) - This shot has a broader field than the mid shot, but a smaller field than the long and wide shots. It can include more than one target of focus, (eg person), and thus can capture certain actions which the close ups cannot.
LS (Long Shot) - This shot is designed to represent the targets as close to life size as possible. It often uses the Full Shot, which displays the entire human body, with the head being at the top of the frame and the feet at the base. It enables background interaction, whilst still focusing on the detail of certain targets.
VLS/WS (Very Long Shot/Wide Shot) - This shot is from a great distance away (up to a quarter of a mile, however many metres that is!) and can be effectively used to set the scene in a scene. It can show building exteriors, landscapes and such, and wont have as much specific detail as other shots, but more of a general detail to be viewed.
Bibliography
http://www.mediacollege.com/video/shots/extreme-closeup.html - ECU
http://www.mediaedwales.org.uk/publicity/pages/camera/framing/fram7.htm - BCU
http://www.mediacollege.com/video/shots/closeup.html - CU
http://www.mediacollege.com/video/shots/medium-closeup.html - MCU
http://www.mediaknowall.com/camangles.html - MS /LS VLS/WS
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